宏观人工原子相关的量子相干操纵

Quantum manipulations based on macroscopic artificial atoms

文章着重介绍作者及其合作者于2005年8月份发表在Physical Review Letters的2篇文章[1,2]及其相关的系列研究工作[3—5].其中包括:(1)利用超导电荷量子比特的“Bang-Bang”控制,去冷却与之相耦合的纳米机械谐振器件,使之接近基态,以展示其丰富的量子效应;(2)具有Δ型能级结构超导人工原子的物理实现及其绝热量子操纵的奇异特性.为了深入了解这些工作的物理和潜在的应用背景,文章同时也介绍了超导量子比特物理实现及其相关的“全固态系统腔量子电动力学”研究的新进展,强调了基于超导人工原子的强耦合量子光学结构形成的物理机制.

A review is presented of recent research by the authors and their collaborators, including two papers published in 2005 in Physical Review Letters. The two main topics are： （1） The quantum＂ Bang- Bang＂ control of a superconducting charge qubit is utilized to cool its coupled nano-mechanical resonator so that the ground state can be reached, by means of which the GHz oscillating nano-mechanical resonator can display the enriching quantum effect ; （2） The physical realization of A type artificial atoms as a superconducting circuit and the exotic features of its adiabatic manipulation. To understand fully the physics and potential application in modem technology of these two topics, we also review their background relevant to the cavity quantum electro- dynamics structure based solid state artificial atoms formed by superconducting circuits and the GHz oscillating nano-systems with certain strong couplings.