苹果炭疽病致病机理研究

Study on the Pathogenic Mechanism of Apple Disease Caused by Colletot Tichum Gloeosporioides

通过对苹果炭疽病菌(Colletot tichumgloeosporioides)产生的细胞壁降解酶的活性分析,明确了在苹果炭疽病菌的致病过程中,纤维素酶、果胶酶和漆酶是主要的致病因素。各类酶的动态变化显示,首先起作用的是果胶酶,纤维素酶和漆酶,参与了病害的扩展;病健处各类酶的活性变化结果表明:各类酶在病健处的酶活最大,是引起病斑扩展的主要因素。苹果病果中漆酶的存在,说明在苹果组织中含有的芳香族化合物、芳香酸衍生物及抗坏血酸等底物能够诱导炭疽病菌产生漆酶、漆酶对这些物质的氧化加速了苹果组织的腐败。

Activities of the cell wall-degrading enzymes（CWDEs） produced by Colletot tichum gloeosporioides were studied. The results showed the nosogenetic factors were cellulose enzymes, pectic enzyme and laccase during the infection and it took 4, 6 and 10 d to reach the maximum of enzymes. The dynamic change of the activity of CWDEs in boundary between diseased and healthy area demonstrated that activity of CWDEs was the highest in this area and it was the primary cause resulting in the disease development. The lacease could be examined and the causation probably was aromaticring compound, and aromaticring ramification and vitamin C were existed as inducement in apple.