有神论的政治宪法学——对施米特的解读之一

The Theory of Political Constitution of Theism——One Interpretation of Carl Schmitt

卡尔·施米特(Carl Schmitt)真正的思考角色,与其说是一个政治思想家,毋宁说是一个法律教义学家。在其理论体系里最具有标识性意义的非常状态、主权和决断这三个概念中,既有挥之不去的规范主义的传统刻痕,又有所谓“决断主义”的野性取向,而其思想与方法,则无不飘忽着与传统神学具有“结构同一性”的投影,这乃是由他的“(法学)概念的社会学”,尤其是所谓的“精神史的”(geistesgeschichtlich)方法所决定的,而其最终目的,则是为了建构一种有神论的政治宪法学。

Carl Schmitt is a legal dogmatist rather than a political thinker. The most significant concepts like exception, sovereignty, decision in his theoretical system have not only absorbed the tradition of normativism, but also that of decisionism. What＇s more, their structures are the same as that of the traditional theology. All of these characters are determined by his conceptual sociology. And his aim is just to establish a theory of political constitution of theism.