论教师枯竭现象的成因与预防

On origin and prevention of teachers' burnout phenomenon

枯竭是指教师在育人的职业生涯中出现的生理、情感与心理上的资源缺乏或耗尽的状态,其主要表现形式有:身体心理的疲惫感、工作生活的厌烦感、人际交往的疏离感、知识才能的耗尽感,其成因既有教师个体的因素,也有人际氛围的压力,还有机构体制的束缚和社会环境的影响。作为教师应积极正视枯竭,加强自我觉察,努力为自己构建一个社会支持系统,以延缓和预防枯竭的产生。

Burnout refers to the teachers＇ state of being short or exhausted of the physical, emotional and psychological resources in teaching career. The main manifestations are as follows： a sense of physical and psychological fatigue, tired feeling of working life, a sense of interpersonal alienation and an exhausted feeling of knowledge. The causes include both individual factors and interpersonal atmosphere pressure, and also institutional constraints and influence of social environment. As teachers we should actively face up to burnout and strengthen self-awareness and try our best to build a social supporting system to delay and prevent the arise of burnout.