基于不同区划系统的中国区域经济差异分解研究

STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF THE REGIONAL ECONOMIC INEQUALITIES IN CHINA BASED ON DIFFERENT REGIONAL DIVISION SYSTEMS

基于不同区划系统,采用锡尔系数分解方法来定量测度中国区域经济差异。首先,基于省级空间单元,通过一阶段锡尔系数分析1978年以来中国区域差异的格局及其动态演变;然后,分别基于三大地带——省(直辖市、自治区)——地(市、区、自治州)或者县(市辖区、县级市、县)这两类三级结构的地域行政单元,运用二阶段嵌套锡尔系数分解方法,将差异进一步分解至省内差异水平上,由此揭示出不同于省际分析的区域经济差异特征:省内差异是全国总体差异的重要组分,对于总体差异的影响较地带间差异和省间差异显著得多。

The objective of this paper is to apply an inequality composition method, the two-stage nested Theil decomposition method, which is an extension of the ordinary one-stage Theil decomposition method, based on the different regional systems, to the study of regional inequalities in China, One of the innovation of this paper compared to those previously done studies on the same topic, is its multi-scale approach. This study adopts a bottom-up aggregation of spatial data, beginning with the administration unit of county, via those of prefecture and province, and ending by that of region, form county to prefecture to province to region. First of all, the regional inequalities is measured quantitatively in China from 1978 to 2001 by Theil indices based on province-level mean income. Then, considering the three-level hierarchical structure of a country, region-province-prefecture approach or via the region-province-county approach, the calculated Theil regional inequality index is further decomposed into the inter-regional and intra-regional sub-indices. The method uses a prefecture as the underlying regional unit to measure quantitatively overall regional income inequality, rather than a province which is chosen often by the most researchers in their study scope, and thus can ana- lyze the contribution of within-province inequalities as well as between-province and between-region inequal- ities to the overall regional income inequalities in a coherent framework. Secondly, this paper applies the two-stage nested Theil decomposition method to prefecture-level or county-level income and population data in China in 2001,to explore the spatial structure of and characteristics of within-provinces inequalities based on the different regional systems. To farther analyze the results, the three inequality components and the with- in-province inequalities in 2001 are analyzed in depth separately.