凡纳滨对虾引进亲虾及其子一代的遗传多样性研究

Genetic diversity analysis of primary parent and the first filial generation of pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei

采用Operon公司的16个引物对两个凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)引进亲本群体及其子一代对虾的基因组DNA多态性进行了检测。第一个亲虾群体对16个引物共获得78个位点,其中多态位点数为48个,占61.54%;其子代对虾共获得89个位点,其中多态位点数为50个,占56.18%。第二个亲虾群体对16个引物共获得97个位点,其中多态位点数为49个,占50.52%,其子代对虾共获得93个位点,多态位点数为28个,占30.11%。单个引物获得的标记数为1～8个。第一个亲本群体及其子代个体间的平均遗传距离分别是0.1959±0.0392和0.1435±0.0268;第二个亲本群体及其子代个体间的平均遗传距离分别为0.0922±0.0189和0.0621±0.0148。两个亲本群体间的遗传距离为0.6546±0.0794,两个子代群体间的遗传距离为0.7087±0.0656。在OPF-09、OPZ-11两个引物的扩增结果中,发现两个亲本群体及其子代有差异标记。

Two groups of primary parent of Litopenaeus vannamei from Hawaii and their first filial generation have been collected for this experiment. Random amplified polymorphie DNA （RAPD） technique was employed to detect the genetic variation of primary parent and their first filial generation from the population. 16 primers were useful according to the quantity, quality and reproducibility of loci. With the 16 primers, 78 loci of the first group of parent shrimp were, 48 obtained, in which were polymorphie and the proportion of polymorphie loci was 61.54% ; and with the 16 primers there are 89 loci of their first filial generation were obtained, in which 50 were polymorphie and the proportion of polymorphie loci was 56.18%. For the second group, parent had 97 loci with the 16 primers, 49 of which are polymorphie and the proportion of polymorphie loci is 50.52% ; and their first filial generation had 93 loci, 28 of them were polymorphie and the proportion of polymorphie loci was 30.11%. The average genetic distances of the first group of parent shrimp and their first filial generation were 0. 195 9 ± 0.039 2, 0. 143 5 ± 0.026 8, respectively ; and for the second group of shrimp those were 0.092 2± 0.018 9, 0.062 1 ± 0.014 8 respectively. There were some different amplified results between the two groups of shrimp with primers OPF - 09, OPZ - 11.