小麦生育期间气候资源配置与高产栽培途径

The Way Climate Resources Allocation and High Yield Cultivation Hroduction in Wheat Growth Period

分析濉溪县多年小麦产量和相应的旬日照时数、平均气温和降水资料表明:正常年份光温水消长与小麦各生育阶段对气候的要求基本吻合,光热资源能够满足小麦生长发育的需要,降水略感不足。小麦播种—分蘖期气象方面的限制因子是降水量,越冬期和返青—拔节期的限制因子是温度,灌浆—成熟期光照时间、温度、降水量对产量均有较大影响。气候过渡性特征十分明显,气象灾害多而频繁,引起小麦产量的显著波动。生产上要立足本地气候特点,趋利避害,防灾减灾,通过优化小麦种性布局、培肥土壤和规范化栽培等途径,保障小麦高产稳产。

The paper analyzes the wheat output in Suixi conty, and the corresponding sunshine hour, average temperature, and precipitation. The result indicates that the eat and flow of the above components basically meet the climate requirement in the all wheat growth periods. The climate transitional characteristic is extrects the yield markedly. The wheat production should base on the l^al climate characteristic, and to ensure the high yield and stable output through the way of optimizing variety allocation, soil reservation and standard cultivation and etc.