小麦冻害类型、诊断特征及其预防对策与补救措施

Types of Freeze Injury and Diagnostic Characteristics of Winter Wheat and Prevention Measure and Salvage Measure

主要介绍了中国黄淮冬麦区和长江中下游冬麦区小麦冻害的类型与诊断特征,提出培育和选用抗寒品种,搞好品种合理布局;根据品种春化特性,合理安排播期和播量;提高整地和播种质量,培育壮苗越冬;灌水防霜冻;科学追施速效氮肥,增施磷钾肥,做好越冬覆盖等小麦冻害的防御对策。在此基础上力求根据不同受冻苗情采取相应的补救措施。

Studies on types of freeze injury and diagnostic characteristics in the wheat production region located in the reaches of Yellow River and the Huaihe River and the middle and lower Yangtze River. We put forward some prevention measures of defense freeze injury of winter wheat, such as breeding and adopting cold resistance varieties, improving reasonable distribution of wheat varieties, rational planning sowing time and seed quantity according to wheat varieties vernalization characteristics, improving soil tillage and seed sowing quality, improving the quality of seedling before live through the winter, irrigating water in order to preventing frost freeze injury, Scientific top application of rapid Efficiency nitrogen, et al. On the bases, applying corresponding salvage measures according to difference freeze injury seedlings condition.