小麦面粉黄色素相关基因研究

Genes Related with Yellow Pigments in Wheat Flour

小麦八氢番茄红素合成酶(PSY)基因和脂肪氧化酶(LOx)基因可能影响面粉黄色素含量。根据玉米P5y 基因序列设计引物,扩增出小麦PSY基因的部分片段,序列比较表明小麦和玉米PSY基因外显子DNA序列长度一致,但存在单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点,序列一致性为90％;蛋白质氨基酸序列比较发现其序列一致性为97％, 说明一些SNP并未导致氨基酸的改变,该基因在玉米和小麦中应具有类似的功能活性。利用非整倍体材料将小麦 PSY基因初步定位到1D染色体。用同样方法,发现小麦的LOX基因与大麦、水稻、玉米的L0X基因具有很高的一致性,并将其初步定位到4BS染色体。

In wheat,phytoene synthase （PSY） gene and lipoxygenase （LOX） gene probably affect the content of flour yellow pigments. The primers were designed according to the sequence of PSY gene in corn and then some bands of PSY gene in wheat were amplified with the primers ;Sequence comparison indicated that the exon of PSY gene in wheat were identical in DNA sequence length to that of the exon of PSY gene in corn but it contained single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） sites and their sequences were 90% identical;Amino acid sequence comparison of the proteins showed that their amino acid sequences were 97% identical ,which revealed that some single nucleotide polymorphisms did not lead to amino acid changes and the gene presented similar functional activities in both wheat and corn. With a set of nullitetrasomic lines of Chinese spring, PSY gene was positioned on 1D chromosome in wheat. Similarly,it was found that LOX gene in wheat appeared highly identical with LOX genes in barley,rice and corn and it was preliminarily positioned on 4BS chromosome.