活性胶原基纳米骨修复即刻种植体周围骨缺损的研究

Experimental Study of Active Nano-hydroxyapatite/collogen in Repairing Bone Defects around Instant Dental Implants.

目的:观察胶原基纳米骨(nHAC)及活性胶原基纳米骨(AnHAC)修复即刻钛种植体周围骨缺损的效果,为临床应用奠定理论依据。方法:犬下颌骨拔牙创区制造即刻种植体周围骨缺损,分别采用植入nHAC、AnHAC、自体牙槽松质骨及不植入任何材料4种不同方法修复种植体周骨缺损,术后6周、12周,采用X线摄片、骨密度测量及组织学检查,观察新骨形成情况和新骨与种植体的关系。结果:两组实验动物中,除空白对照组外,骨缺损区均愈合良好,未见种植体周围炎发生。1)nHAC组:术后6周已有新生骨小梁形成,术后12周修复骨缺损,种植体边缘可见较多新骨形成;2)AnHAC组:成骨过程较早,术后6周即有较多新生骨组织出现,术后12周新骨组织与宿主骨完全融合,并与种植体表面形成广泛的骨性结合。结论:nHAC具有良好的骨引导作用,可良好地修复种植体周骨缺损,复合rhBMP-2后效果更佳。临床上可根据具体情况选用修复即刻种植体周围骨缺损的方法。

Objective： To study the osseointegration of the active nano - hydroxyapatite/collogen （AnHAC） in repairing bone defects around instant dental implant and to give a theory basis for clinical use in the future. Methods： Four beagles were divided into two groups. Four methods （nHAC, AnHAC ＋ rhBMP -2, nothing, auto - cancellous bone of alveolar ridges）were used to repair the defects. After 6, 12weeks implantation, beagles were sacrificed respectively and the osteogenesis and the relation of new bone with titanium implant were observed by X - ray, bone density meter and histological examination. Results： All bone defects recovered normally. No peri - implantitis has occurred. 1 ） nHAC group ： new bone has formed at 6 weeks and repaired the defects of instant dental implants at 12 weeks there was more new formed bone contacted to the surface of the implants and part of the material was absorbed. 2 ） AnHAC groups ： New bone formed and combined with implant more early. More new trabecular bone formed along the titanium membrance. Conclusion： nHAC is believed to be a new bone grafting material in repairing bone defects of instant dental implant, rhBMP - 2 is able to promote the osteogenersis around the implants and worth of clinical application.