胎兔周围神经同种异体移植的实验研究

The immune response and nerve regenerative potential of fetal rabbits' nerve allografts

目的：设计同种异体神经移植的实验模型，探讨其临床应用的可能性。方法：选妊娠２８天的青紫蓝兔为供体，４８只大耳白兔为受体。取供体胎兔的坐骨神经，经超低温冷冻与液氮处理，复温后桥接于受体１侧正中神经缺损段，为实验组。另１侧取自体神经移植，为对照组。术后２周、３个月进行免疫学与神经电生理检测；电镜观察和形态定量学分析。结果：术后两组均无急性排异反应。神经传导速度，再生神经单位面积髓鞘数，平均灰度值及单位面积髓鞘密度值等，两组差异均无显著意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：胎兔神经能够代替自体神经移植。

The Chinchilla fetal rabbits were used as donors and Beijing long-eared white rabbits as recipients. The sciatic nerves of fetal rabbits were managed in liquid nitrogen for two minutes after stored in -80℃ refrigerator for three months, and then rapidly thawed before transplanted as allografts for bridging the defects of peripheral nerves. The contrast group underwent autogenous nerve grafting. Immune response, nerve conduction velocity and image analysis studies were done post-operatively. There is no statistical difference between autogenous nerve graft gruop anad fetal nerve allograft group. It was concluded that fetal nerve coudl serve as substitutes to autograft in rabbits.