新中国对外开放基本国策的开创

New China's Basic National Policy of Opening to the Outside World: Its Initiation and Establishment

新中国的对外开放,由于种种主观和客观原因,经历了曲折坎坷的过程。以1972 年中美关系缓和后的中国对外引进高潮为开端,以毛泽东为代表的中共第一代领导集体开始探索建立对外开放的基本战略;从1978年起,以邓小平为代表的中共第二代领导集体开始把对外开放确立为现代化建设的总方针,经过实践完善,直到中共十三大,对外开放终于成为社会主义初级阶段基本路线的一个基本点,对外开放的基本国策在真正意义上形成了。

Due to various subjective and objective causes New China's opening to the outside world experienced a difficult and convoluted course. Starting with the zeal of introduction of technology and equipment from abroad following the relaxation of tensions between China and the US in 1972, the first generation of collective leadership of the CPC represented by Mao Zedong began to explore the basic strategy of opening to the outside world. From 1978, the second generation of collective leadership of the CPC represented by Deng Xiaoping began to take the opening-up as the general principle of China's modernization drive. With gradual perfection in practice, opening-up was finally upgraded at the Thirteenth National Congress of the CPC as one of the two fundamental points of the basic line in the primary stage of socialism and the basic national policy of opening to the outside world was established in a true sense.