太行山低山丘陵区植被恢复构建的生态对策和途径

Ecological strategies and approaches of vegetation restoration in the hilly area of Taihang Mountain

对太行山低山丘陵区的植被恢复研究成果进行回顾总结,并探讨太行山低山丘陵区植被恢复的生态对策和途径。基于该地区现代生境和植被退化的基本特征,总结植被恢复与构建的6项生态原则,提出植被恢复的途径:实施封禁措施充分利用天然植被的自然恢复力,采取人工促进措施,加速天然植被恢复进程,选择现有生态经济价值较高的本土种和归化种等多年生植物构建生态经济群落。对今后有关植被退化、恢复与构建尚待研究的问题进行了探讨,诸如:小尺度空间异质性对植被恢复产生的生态效应;在肥沃农田与天然植被之间的生境上,构建的生态经济群落,形成生态缓冲区;认识天然植被植物繁殖对策与干扰的关系,以太行山低山丘陵区陡峭悬崖之间的平台地段受人类干扰较轻的自然群落作为植被恢复的参照目标等。

The research results on the vegetation restoration are reviewed, and ecological strategies and approaches for vegetation restoration are probed into in the hilly area of Taihang Mountain. According to the basic characteristics of the modern ecotone and vegetation restoration in the study areas, 6 ecological strategies on the vegetation restoration and reconstruction are put forward. The approaches of vegetation restoration are discussed from the point view of applying the closed method to make full use of the resilience of natural vegetation, human being-accelerated methods to speed up the restoration process of natural vegetation and reconstructing a completely new type of eco-economic communities by selecting the perennial plant species such as the native species and naturalized species with higher eco-economic values. Some problems of the vegetation degradation, restoration and reconstruction should be settled in the future study, such as the ecological effects of spatial heterogeneity of the small scale to the vegetation restoration; constructing the eco-economic community to form the ecological buffering zone at the ecotone between the fertile farmland and natural vegetation; identifying the relationship between plant reproductive strategies of the natural vegetation and disturbance; and taking the natural communities locating at the fiat between the cliffs as the reference model of vegetation restoration characterized by little disturbance from human beings in the hilly area of Taihang Mountain.