广东省乙型肝炎疫苗纳入儿童免疫规划后监测结果分析

Analysis on Surveillance Results After Hepatitis B Vaccine Introduced into EPI in Guangdong Province

目的评价广东省乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(HepB)纳入儿童免疫规划后的工作质量和效果。方法对常规免疫接种率报告系统中HepB3接种和HepB1及时接种情况进行分析;采用两阶段按容量比例概率抽样方法随机调查3 578名儿童HepB接种情况;开展3岁以下儿童乙肝病毒感染相关标志的血清学监测。结果HepB3报告接种率>95%,儿童建证率99.05%,建卡率97.32%,HepB3调查接种率为93.07%,HepB1及时接种率为75.01%。3岁以下儿童HBsAg携带率为0.84%,HepB免疫后乙肝病毒抗体阳转率为93.44%。结论HepB纳入儿童免疫规划后实施良好,新生儿HepB免疫获得预期的免疫效果,但也存在部分地区HepB1及时接种率偏低的问题。提示今后工作重点是提高HepB1及时接种率,尤其是在经济不发达地区。

Objective To evaluate the quality and effort of immunization after Hepatitis B vaccine introduced into EPI in Guangdong Province. Methods The data of routine immunization surveillance report system was analyzed, the survey was carried out to investigate the coverage rate and the first dose timely vaccination rate of Hepatitis B vaccine of 3578 children by the method of two stage probability proportional to size, and serological surveillance was carried out in children under 3 years old from surveillance spot. Results The coverage rate was above 95 %, the rate of establishing immunization certificates was 99.05 % and the rate of establishing immunization cards was 97.32 % . The investigate coverage rate and the first dose timely vaccination rate of Hepatitis B vaccine were 93.07 % and 75.01%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg and the positive seroconversion rate of anti- HBs after vaccination in children under 3 yers old was 0.84 % and 93.44%, respectively. Conclusion The results indicates that the quality of Hepatitis B vaccine immunization is improved after introducing of EPI. But the first dose timely vaccination rate of Hepatitis B vaccine is still low in some areas. What we should emphasis on is improving the first dose timely coverage rate of Henatitis B vaccine, especially in undeveloped areas.