华坪县麻疹流行及免疫状况调查分析

Investigation on Measles Epidemic and Analysis of Immunization Status of Measles Cases in Huaping County

目的了解云南省华坪县2004年12月～2005年2月麻疹流行的原因。方法对麻疹疫情进行流行病学调查分析，对麻疹病例用酶联免疫吸附试验检测IgM抗体。结果全县报告麻疹224例。11个乡、镇均有病例发生。县政府所在地病例占总病例数45．98％，中小学生病例44．20％，对44例患者血清麻疹IgM检测，阳性42例，阳性率95．45％。结论调查结果提示麻疹疫苗的初种和复种是控制麻疹的主要策略；保证接种质量、提高免疫成功率是控制麻疹的重要环节；提高麻疹监测系统工作质量、及时发现和报告病例是控制和扑灭疫情的重要措施。

Objective A measles epidemic occurred in Huaping County in December, 2004 and lasted to January, 2005. Methods To make epidemiologic analysis on measles epidemic and assay for IgM antibody by ELISA. 224 measles cases were reported and almost distributed to 11 Town and villages, most of which appeared in Town, and accounted for 45.98 % . Results High proportion of the measles cases which accounted for 11.61% was among the 8 to 9-year-old children. On the aspect of occupational constitution, 44.20 96 cases were the primary and the middle school students. 44 cases＇ sera were assayed for IgM antibody by the Measles Lab. The results showed that 42 cases were confirmed to be positive. Conclusion Lower population immunity and increasing susceptible persons are regarded as the main cause of the epidemic, which prompted that the routine service and the second dose service were the main strategy. Higher population immunity was regarded as the major areas for the controlling the measles. Meanwhile, the efficiency of measles surveillance system as the important measure of accelerating measles control should be reinforced in the future.