中美环境执法与经济处罚的比较分析

Comparative Study on the Environmental Enforcement and Financial Penalty between China and U.S.

对中美环境执法的制度背景、实施以及经济处罚三方面进行了对比,结果发现,中国的环境执法尚有诸多需要进一步改进和改善的地方.通过比较,为中国的环境执法提供了一些参考建议,包括加强环境法制建设、增强环境法律的可执行性,加强国家环境保护总局的监督、协调与执法能力,加强环境执法机构建设和提高违法经济处罚额度等.

A comparison of environmental enforcement practice between China and U.S. is made in the areas of environmental management system, enforcement practice, and financial penalty. The comparison reveals some valuable U.S. experiences for China to borrow when reforming its own system, including continuous efforts to strengthen environmental legislations, to make environmental laws more practical, to enhance SEPA＇ s capability in monitoring, coordination and enforcement, to build up environmental enforcement institutions, and raise financial penalty for non- compliance activities.