应用遥感技术研究土地利用土地覆盖变化及其对土壤侵蚀过程的影响——以印度北部PaliGad山地流域为例

Applying Remote Sensing to Assessing Land Use and Land Cover Change,and Its Impact on Soil Erosion: Case of Pali Gad Watershed,Northern India

应用遥感技术评估了印度北部PaliGad山地流域过去几十年里土地利用土地覆盖变化及其造成的土壤侵蚀程度,并基于摩根参数模型(Morgan Parametric Model)的方法来测定土壤的侵蚀程度;结果表明,由于不同的坡向受到太阳光照的不同可以引起土地覆盖的变迁;海拔和坡度已不再是阻碍人们获取自然资源的因素,人们的活动范围正转移到更高的海拔和更陡峭的坡度;揭示了土地利用土地覆盖变化对土壤侵蚀进程有着直接的影响。

Mountain ecosystems cover about 24% of the earth＇s surface, which provides vital environmental goods and services. Twelve per cent （or about 720 million） of the global human population live in mountains. The western Himalaya is one of the most populated areas in the world. The long history of human activities has significantly contributed to land use and land cover changes （LUCC）, which further impacts on soil erosion and decreasing of land productivity. This paper allied remote sensing for assessing the LUCC and its impact on the soil erosion processes for past two decades in Pall Gad watershed, northern regions. A processed based Morgan Parametric Model has been used to determine the rate of erosion. The results show that the LUCC dynamics much depend on the aspect. The altitude and slope is no more a constraint for access to nature resources. The human activities have shifted towards higher altitudes and steeper slopes, which eventually causes soil erosion in the mountain regions.