黄土高原淤地坝对土壤水分及地表径流的影响——以绥德县辛店沟为例

Effects of Soil Saving Dams on Soil Water Content and Runoff in Loess Plateau——Case Study on Xindian Watershed in Suide Country

本文采用实地取样、测试及整理已有资料的方法,研究绥德县辛店沟中的淤地坝对土壤含水量及地表径流的影响。通过对研究区两个坝地中土壤含水量的分析、计算得出:土壤含水量随深度的增加而逐渐增加,但增加幅度不大;主干坝坝地中的土壤含水量较支沟坝多1.89%,这与韭园沟的不同;而在同一坝地中各部位因地表覆盖、地下水补给等的不同,使其变化曲线的变幅及变化趋势也不同,坝地中部土壤含水量最高,主、支沟坝地中部平均含水量分别为11.88%和12.97%;主、支沟坝静态含水量分别为0.88938万m3、1.03032万m3,辛店沟总蓄水量为23.0484万m3。

Based on the field survey the soil water contents in the dammed field and the soil saving dams effect on the soil water contents in the Xindian watershed were studied. According to the two dams where samples were taken , it was summarized that. Firstly, soil water content is increasing with the depth, but it does not increase much. Secondly, the soil water contents in the main dams are more than that in the branch dams. Thirdly, in the same dam, because of the differences of the vegetation cover and the water supply, every curve has its own characteristics. The middle of the dammed field has the highest soil water content, the main dam and the branch dam respectively having 11.88% and 12.97%. Lastly the quantity of soil water is 8. 8938 thousand cubic, 10. 3032 thousand cubic and 230. 484 thousand cubic in the main dam, the branch dam and the Xindian watershed respectively.