生物沸石滤池处理污染水源水的中试研究

Pilot-scale study on treatment of polluted source water using biological zeolite filter

自行研制的生物沸石滤池具有溶气效率高,反冲周期长,抗氨氮冲击负荷,结构简单,操作方便等优点。利用此装置处理污染水源水的中试结果表明:挂膜期间,初期对氨氮的去除以离子交换和吸附作用为主,末期以硝化作用为主。氨氮的去除率呈现先下降再上升最后达到稳定的现象;提高水力负荷对氨氮、CODMn、铁、锰、浊度都有不同程度的影响,当水力负荷从1.06m3/(m2.h)增加到4.24m3/(m2.h)时,氨氮去除率降低了47.9%,而CODMn、浊度、铁、锰的去除率分别下降了29.1%,52.3%,41.4%,24.2%。最佳水力负荷3.18m3/(m2.h)时,氨氮、CODMn、浊度、铁和锰的去除率分别为75.2%,31.8%,27.8%,31.6%,48.2%;温度和水力负荷对氨氮的去除率有较大的影响,温度较低时,降低水力负荷,提高水力停留时间,可以提高氨氮的去除率。

The self-designed biological zeolite filter features the advantages of high air dissolving efficiency, long back flush-period, strong shock resistant capacity against ammonia-nitrogen, simple structure, easy to operate, etc. The results of the pilot-scale experiment on the treatment of polluted source water using the said equipment showed that： during the form of bio-membrane, the removal of ammonia-nitrogen mainly depended on the effects of ion exchange and adsorption in the early period; and in the late period, it mainly depended on the effect of nitrification. The removal rate of ammonia-nitrogen decreased at first, increased afterwards, kept steady at last. The increase of hydraulic load influenced the ammonia-nitrogen, iron, manganese and turbidity to different degrees. When the hydraulic load increased from 1.06m^3/（m^2·h ） to 4.24 m^2/（m^2·h ）, the removal rate of ammonia-nitrogen, CODMn, turbidity, iron, manganese decreased 47.9%, 29.1%, 52.3%, 41.4%, 24.2% respectively. When the hydraulic load reached the optimal value： 3.18 m^2/（m^2·h）, the removal rate of the above elements were 75.2%, 31.8%, 27.8%, 31.6%, 48.2%; temperature and hydraulic load gave bigger influence to the removal rate of ammonia-nitrogen, when the temperature was lower, the removal rate of the ammonia-nitrogen could be increased through decreasing the hydraulic load, and prolonging the hvdraulic retention time.