工业反哺农业的世界经验及启示

The International Experience of Getting Industry to Support Agricultural Develop ment

本文认为,国外一些国家工业反哺农业的经验各有其特点,我们可从中得出某些启示。工业反哺农业首先应建立城乡统筹发展政策体系,树立农业现代化与城市整体发展统筹布局的战略观念,消除妨碍城乡协调发展的体制性障碍,构建系统的法规体系支撑反哺机制。其次要选准工业反哺农业的切入路径,成立并依托广泛的农民组织,完善农村社会保障体系,构建社会安全网,提高农村劳动力素质,突出重点,消除农业发展瓶颈,创建政府与农民互动的城乡耦合联动发展机制,整体调整城乡就业结构,形成城乡一体化的就业新格局,发扬优秀传统文化,弘扬民族精神,融现代文明与传统文化于一体,促进城乡一体化。再次应设立工业反哺农业新郊区建设专职机构,成立工业反哺农业新农村建设民间组织,制定工业反哺农业新农村建设有关法规,重点是改善农村交通条件,发展农村金融,保护耕地和失地农民的利益,解决农村能源紧缺问题。

The author points out that what we can learn from the international experience of getting industry to support agriculture is that we should establish the policy system of balancing the development in both urban and rural areas,correctly choose the initial point for getting industry to support agriculture, establish and depend on the organizations of farmers, improve the quality of rural labors, eliminate the bottleneck of agricultural development, and promote the integrative development in both urban and rural areas. In implementing getting industry to support agriculture, we should establish specific organs and non-government organizations. In the next several years, the focus of getting industry to support agriculture is to improve the transportation conditions in rural areas, development rural finance, protect land and the interest of farmers who lost their land, and solve the problem of energy scarcity in rural areas.