5个中国人群Y染色体上17个双等位基因位点的多态性分析

A Polymorphism Analysis of 17 Biallelic Markers on Y Chromosome in 5 Chinese Populations

选取Y染色体非重组区上17个双等位基因位点,利用ASPCR和PCR的方法对云南的怒族、傈僳族、纳西族、青海的撒拉族和福建的畲族进行了检测分型,确定了每一个体由这17个位点所构成的单倍型,并与国内其它20个民族群体的结果一起进行了主成分分析.结果显示,YAP、M15、M89、M9、M119、M95、M88、M45、M122、M134、M17、M120等12个位点在5个民族群体中均有不同的频率分布,其余5个位点没有发现多态变异,其中M122(C)在怒族、傈僳族、纳西族、撒拉族和畲族中的频率分别是82.1%、31.6%、5.9%、20%、69.3%;YAP+只在撒拉族中有2.2%的频率;傈僳族的M95(T)的频率最高,达68.4%.5个群体中共发现了12种单倍型,单倍型频率主要集中分布在H5、H6、H8、H11和H12,各民族群体的单倍型有各自的分布特点.主成分分析的结果显示:傈僳族则与苗瑶、侗壮语族的民族群体聚到了A簇;畲族、怒族与汉族群体紧密,聚到了B簇;而撒拉族、纳西族则与藏缅语族和阿尔泰语系的民族群体聚为C簇.

17 biallelic markers located in the nonrecombining portion of Y chromosome were typed by using ASPCR or PCR in 5 Chinese populations, Nu, Lisu, Naxi, Sala and She. The individuals＇ haplotypes derived from these 17 biallelic markers were constructed. The principle component （PC） analysis was conducted based on the haplotypes＇ frequencies of these 5 and 20 other published Chinese populations. The result showed that there were different frequencies at 12 markers, YAP, M15, M89, M9, Ml19, M95, M88, M45, M122, M134, M17 and M120 in the 5 populations except M50, M110, M103, M3 and M7, for their diversities were absent in the 5 populations. The M122 （C） frequencies of the Nu, Lisu, Naxi, Sala and She were 82.1%, 31.6%, 5.9%, 20% and 69.3%, respectively. Among the 5 populations, YAP^＋ was only found in Sala with 2.2% frequency, and Lisu had the highest M95 （T） frequency, 68.4%. A total of 12 haplotypes （HI, H3, H4, H5, H6, H8, H9, H11, H12, H13, H14 and H16） were observed in the 5 populations. The major haplotype frequencies of the 5 populations distributed among HS, H6, H8, H11 and H12. The result from PC analysis displayed that Lisu and the Hmong - Mein speaking populations consisted of group A; She, Nu, Hans （including Hakka） and other populations were clustered into group B; Sala, Naxi and the Tibeto- Burman or Ahaic speaking populations formed group C. Fig 1, Tab2, Ref 20