重构生活与反抗、超越荒诞——从叙述方式的角度解读《局外人》

life-rebuildy and anti-absurdness and transabsurdness——Understanding Outsiders from the angle of way of narration

对《局外人》的叙述方式虽然有不同的理解,但一般都把作品的主题归结为主要揭示了“荒诞”。其实,从叙述方式上讲,《局外人》是默尔索面对荒诞和死亡而不屈服,要通过语言重构生活、表明自己对过去的“义无反顾”态度的产物。在默尔索的重构过程中,出现了针对他的两个“法庭”、两个“审判”,即法庭对他的刑事审判、读者对他的道德审判,并因此揭示了两种荒诞。作品的主题也因此更丰富、更深刻。它不仅揭示了荒诞,也表现了默尔索对荒诞的反抗,同时启发读者树立超越荒诞的意识。默尔索则是一个因法庭的荒谬而被扯入“荒诞”中的人,他本人并不荒诞。

There has been different understanding about the way of narration of Outsiders, but the theme of the work is generally sumed up as revealing absurdness. In fact, as far as the way of narration is concerned, Outsiders is the result of Mosorow＇s Unyieldingness before absurdness and death and expression of his unchanging attitude for the past and his desire to rebuild his life by words. In the course of Mosorow＇s reconstruction, there appeared two law courts and two trials against him, which meant the criminal trial on him by court and the moral trial on him by readers and therefore revealed two kinds of absurdness, for which the theme of the work is deeper and richer. It not only reveals absurdness but also expresses Mosorow＇s anti-absurdness and inspired readers set up the consciousness of transabsurdness. Mosorow is one who has been dragged into absurdness due to the absurdness of the law court and he himelf is not absurd at all.