道路景观生态学研究进展

Research Progress on Road Landscape Ecology

道路景观生态学目前在国内还是一个较新的概念,作者认为该领域主要包括三方面内容道路生态学影响、道路景观美学评价、道路景观规划与设计。本文从这三个方面分别综述了道路景观生态学国内外研究进展情况,并提出研究的重点领域道路的理化环境污染,道路修建对动植物栖息地的影响,道路景观空间格局与过程之间的相互作用机理,区域尺度道路网络的景观破碎化效应,道路生态学的网络理论,道路系统与周围环境的相互作用机制;道路选线对具有特殊美学价值(如自然河流、原始地貌、地方文化特色)区域的影响研究,道路使用者与沿线居民美学感知研究,公众参与途径机制的研究;3S技术在道路前期选线应用研究,道路构造物的美学处理等。最后本文对我国在该领域研究做了展望,认为未来应着重从两个方面进行突破总结国内外现有成果,引入新方法与理论,开展前沿领域研究;以典型旅游公路为突破口,开展细致深入的景观调查、路线优选、构造物美学设计等工作,以期公路设计部门形成重视前期道路景观选线与后期景观设计的思想。

The conception of mad landscape ecology is fresh in China, which mainly contains three aspects of contents： ecological effect of mad, aesthetics quality assessment and landscape planning or design. This paper reviewed the developing status of mad landscape ecology both home and abroad from these three aspects respectively, summarized the important research issues at present including： physical and chemical pollution caused by road construction, impact to wildlife habitat, impact each other between landscape pattern and process along road, mad net landscape fragmentation effect,the interaction mechanism of mad system and environment, impact of mad route selecting on important aesthetic value area（such as pristine river, physical relief and cultural character ）, aesthetics perception of mad user and roadside residents,method ＆ mechanism of public take part in mad landscape design from first stage to last,3S technology used in primary design stage and aesthetics modification to mad structure. Finally, the developing trend of road landscape ecology in China was provided from two aspects： summarizing systemically achievement both home and abroad related to mad landscape ecology and introducing new theory and technology to carry out advancing front of research; taking representative parkway as research area, carrying out comprehensive landscape investigation, route selecting comparatively, aesthetics design of road structure to form the idea of attaching importance to landscape route selecting earlier period and landscape design late period among related branches of mad.