近代黄河三角洲段渤海海岸线缓冲带土地利用时空特征分析

Analysis of spatial-tempo features of land use of Bohai Sea sealine buffer zones in the recent Yellow River Delta

通过解译1986、1996和2001年遥感图像,获得了黄河三角洲海岸带土地覆被数据。将该地区土地覆被分为9种类型:水域、芦苇、林地、耕地、柽柳、柽柳芦苇、翅碱蓬獐茅、滩涂、建设用地,并将3 km宽的海岸带分为6个缓冲带,每个带宽0.5 km。运用ARC/INFO软件和景观生态学方法,研究了渤海海岸线缓冲带的土地利用和景观格局变化。主要结果如下:在空间上,1986年和2001年各缓冲带土地利用程度综合指数随着距海岸线距离的增大而升高,两者呈直线关系;但在1996年,两者之间未呈现直线关系。在时间上,各缓冲带土地利用程度综合指数逐年增加;除了优势度外,所研究的其他景观格局指标与距海岸线的距离没有显著关系。

Regional land use/land cover change is an important part of global change. The objective of this research was to identify land use and landscape pattern change（LULPC） in Bohai Sea sealine buffer zone（3 km）. LULPC of the sealine buffer zone in the past 15 years was investigated through land use/land cover classification of three sets of Landsat TM images aquired on June 5, 1986, May 30, 1996 and May 4, 2001, respectively. Nine land cover types were recognized,including water areas, Phragmites, woodland, cultivation land, Tamarix chinensis-Phragmites, construction land, Tamarix chinensis, Suarda heteroptera Aeluropus littoralis Var. Sinensis Tamarix chinensis, mud flat. Based on digital land cover maps of 1986, 1996, 2001, the land cover and landscape pattern change（LCLPC） were studied, in macro-scale, exerting ARC/INFO and landscape ecology method. The conclusions are given as follows： In space land use degree comprehensive index increased with distance to Bohai Sea sealine in 1986 and 2001, and both had the linear relationship. While in 1996 land degree comprehensive index of Bohai Sea sealine buffer zones did not change dramatically with distance to Bohai Sea sealine. In time land degree comprehensive index increased from 1986 to 1996, from 1996 to 2001. Other landscape pattern indexes had no relationship with the distance to the Bohai sealine except dominance index.