新型定容燃烧喷雾模拟实验装置的开发及应用

Development and application of a new kind of constant volume combustion spray simulation apparatus

研制成功了一种无需将燃烧弹壳体加热到高温,只需点燃可控预充可燃混合气即可模拟现代柴油机喷油时缸内高温、高压、高密度工作环境下高压燃油喷射特性及油束撞壁混合过程的定容燃烧喷雾模拟实验装置。此装置可以采用平面激光诱导荧光法(PL IF)等多种光学方法对柴油喷雾油束特性及油束撞壁混合过程进行测量。经实验验证,此装置可以模拟实际发动机高达6.5 M Pa、1000 K的缸内高压、高温工作环境,并给出了模拟不同压力和温度时预充气组分各分压的理论计算方法及实验所得的压力—时间曲线,为测量现代柴油机的喷雾特性及油束撞壁混合过程提供了必要的条件。

A new kind of optically accessible constant volume combustion apparatus was successfully developed, which can be used to simulate the high pressure fuel injection characteristics and the spray/wall impingement mixing process under the operating environments of high temperature, high pressure and high density in the cylinder of a modern diesel engine at the time of fuel injection only by igniting the controllably pre-filled combustible mixture in the apparatus whose body need not be heated up to higher temperature. With the help of this apparatus, the diesel fuel injection spray characteristics and the mixing process of spray impingement can be measured by means of planar laser induced fluorescence （PLIF） or other optical methods. The experiments show that this apparatus can be used to simulate the in-cylinder high pressure and high temperature conditions up to 6.5 MPa and 1000 K. The theoretical computation method of each partial pressure of the pre-filled mixture components when simulating different pressures and temperatures and the pressure-time curves achieved by experimentation were given. This apparatus provided an essential prerequisite for measuring spray characteristics and spray/wall impingement mixing process of modern diesel engines.