西北军“破锋八刀”考

Probe on 'Po Feng Ba Dao' of Northwest Army

中国武术以其突出的格杀功能,在民族抗争史上发挥着抗暴御侮、保家卫国的重要作用。清末民初以来,将武术引入军旅的事例并不少见,但大多没有在历史上留下太大影响,唯独冯玉祥西北军的“大刀队”,不但在军阀战争中屡建奇功,更在抗日战争中令日寇闻风丧胆。以流传至今的“破锋八刀”为线索,运用历史唯物主义研究方法,以史实为根据,详细研究了西北军大刀术的形制、重量、训练等问题,基本廓清了西北军大刀术的来龙去脉,揭示了中国武术和武术家在社会历史进程中的独特功用。

Chinese martial arts had outstanding military functions, and had been used as effective means to defend the nation. Since its establishment, the broadsword brigades of Feng Yuxiang＇ s Nationalist Troops had made great contributions, not only during the warlords＇ wars, but also during the AntiJapanese War. Based on the broadsword plays, well- known as Po Feng Ba Dao （Eight Blade- breaking Broadsword Movements）, which has come down to this day, and been well preserved in the Tong Bei martial arts, this research focuses on the specification, training, history of the sabre play of the Northwest Army.