几种葱属物的核型分析与比较

Analysis and comparison on karyotype of the four plants of Allium

对洋葱、大葱、分葱和大蒜等葱属植物的染色体核型进行了分析和比较。结果表明,洋葱、大葱和分葱的核型比较相近,均属进化程度较低的2A型,其核型公式分别为2n=2x=16=14m+2st(SAT),2n=2x=16=12m+2sm+2st(SAT)和2n=2x=16=2M+12m+2st(SAT);大蒜的核型较前者差异明显,为进化程度较高的2B型,其核型公式为2n=2x=16=4M+8m+4st(SAT)。

The karyotypes of the four Allium plants （A. cepa L; A. fistulosum L; A. fistulosum var. caespeitosum M; A. sativum L. ） were analyzed. The result indicated that the cepa, fistulosum and caespeitosum were with the similar karyotype which belong to 2A type, and the karyotype formula was 2n = 2x = 16 = 14m ＋ 2st（SAT）, 2n = 2x = 16 = 12m ＋ 2sin ＋ 2st （SAT） and 2n= 2x= 16=2M＋ 12m＋ 2st（SAT） respectively. But the karyotype of sativum was 2B type, and the formula was 2n= 2x = 16 = 4M ＋ 8m ＋ 4st（SAT）.