生物质热解制燃料油及化学品的工艺技术研究进展

Advances in study on technologies of fast pyrolysis of biomass for liquid fuels and chemicals production

从生物质热解制液体燃料油(生物油)的收率和品质两方面论述了生物质热解关键技术和热解制备液体燃料工艺。通过对比分析了传统的生物质快速热解关键技术———热解反应器、加料技术、气-固快速分离技术及热解蒸汽快速冷凝技术的研究现状、难点和不足,并提出了新型生物质快速热解关键技术———旋转筛板热解工艺。同时针对现行生物质热解制燃料油工艺存在的不足,对比分析了4种热解制取燃料油工艺,并提出了汽爆、固态发酵的生化转化与快速热解相结合制取液体燃料的方法。

From the viewpoint of yield and quality of bio-oil, the key technologies of fast pyrolysis of biomass for producing liquid fuels and chemicals are introduced, the research status and the difficulties of these conventional techniques such as fast pyrolytic reactor, feeder, gas-solid fast separator and quencher are analyzed. A new technology of fast pyrolysis of biomass, namely Rotating Sieve Plate pyrolysis system is proposed and introduced. In addition, four processes of biomass pyrolysis for producing liquid fuels and chemicals are analyzed and the shortcomings of these processes are pointed out. A new process, which is a combination of steam-explosion, solid-state fermentation and fast pyrolysis, is proposed too.