学生的习得性失助感及其矫正策略

Students' Sense of Acquisitive Helplessness and its Rectification

习得性失助感是指个体因频繁的失败而学会的无能为力,自暴自弃,无所作为的状态。习得性失助感具有稳定性、普遍性和个性化的特点。习得性失助感产生的主要心理原因是动机缺失、认知干扰、归因不当、消极情绪和过高期望。改善认知观念、正确归因、增强自我效能感、学会如何学习和防止焦虑过度是矫正习得性失助感的主要策略。

The essay presents the steadiness,universality and individuality of the sense of helplessness acquired in frequent failure,inability,pessimism,and abandonment.It reveals the major mental factors of motive deficiency,cognitive disturbance,improper faults-finding,negative emotions and over-expectancy.And consequently,it suggests the key rectifying strategies of improving cognitive insights,increasing efficiency,and learning know-how in study.