论海事赔偿责任限制与船舶优先权制度的冲突及立法对策

Conflicts between Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims and Maritime Lien and the legislative countermeasures

由于立法的侧重点不同,海事赔偿责任限制与船舶优先权在制度设计上存在着一定的冲突,这种冲突使船舶优先权制度在某种意义上形同虚设。为了解决冲突,必须大胆革新现行立法,作者建议,结合船舶优先权的立法理由对基金的分配顺序进行调整,同时,船舶优先权的行使应当采用次序固定主义。只有这样,才能使两项法律制度的价值均得以实现。

Because of the difference of legislative emphasis, there are certain conflicts between limitation of liability for maritime claims and maritime lien system that cause the-latter to lose its function. In order to settle the problem, we must reform the actual legislation audaciously. I suggest that the legislator regulate the order of the fund＇ s distribution afresh according to the legislative reason of the maritime lien system, and at the same time, exertion of maritime lien adopt order fixation doctrine. If we do so, both the systems will realize their own value.