中国早期儒道治国方略的对立与互补

Antinomy and Complementarity on the Means of Administering the Country between Confucianism and Taoism in the Forepart of China

文化对管理具有潜移默化的影响,探讨我国早期儒道两大主干文化在治国方略上的差异以及由此形成的互补机制,有助于我们实现传统行政文化的现代转化。本文着重从人道与天道、阳刚与阴柔、有为与无为、德政与善治、亲而誉之与下知有之、大同小康与小国寡民、群体与个体、肯定与否定、恒常与变革、中庸之道与辩证管理、儒道互补与现代转化等方面进行了比较研究,并系统分析两者对立的历史文化渊源和殊途同归之必要与可能。

Culture has an invisible and formative irffluence on management. The discussion on the difference in the general plan of administering a country between Confucianism and Taoism and on their complementary mechanism will help us realize the modernization of the traditionally administrative culture. This paper focuses on making a comparative research from several aspects, such as social law and natural law, yin and yang （the two opposing principles in nature）, action and inaction, moral politic and good administration, inferiors praises and is close to superiors and inferiors knows superiors, harmonious and well-off society and a small country with few people, group and individual, affirmativeness and negation, unchanging and changing, the doctrine of the mean and dialectical administration, the mutual supplement of Confucianism and Taoism and modernization and so on, and systemically analyzes the two opposite historical and cultural origin and the necessity and possibility of reaching the same goal by different means.