阿欣斯坦的语用学科学解释模型

On Peter Achinstein's Sientific Explanation Pattern in Pragmatics

阿欣斯坦的以言行事行为的科学解释模型不同于语义学的科学解释模型,也不同于其他的语用学科学解释模型。在阿欣斯坦的理论中,解释包含三个方面的内容:解释的行为、解释行为的产品以及对解释的评价。解释的行为是解释的产品以及解释的评价的必要条件,没有解释的行为,不可能有解释的产品的出现,更不可能对一个解释进行评价。以前的科学解释模型都忽视了解释的行为,只是关心解释行为的产品。阿欣斯坦不仅区分了解释的行为和解释行为的产品,而且把解释的行为从一般的以言行事的行为中区分出来。阿欣斯坦以全新的视角推进了科学解释理论的研究。

Peter Achinstein＇s scientific explanation pattern of illocutionary acts is different frown that of semantic scienitific explanation pattern and other pragmatiic ones. In his theories,and explanation consists of explaining act, the product of explaining and explaining evaluation. The explaining act is the indispensable condition of the latter two factors. Without the former, then there are no the latter two facors. The previous scientific explanation pattern ignored the explaining act, but concerned the product of explaining act. However, Peter Achinstein has not only distingushed the explaining act from its product, but also seperated the explaining act from other illocutionary acts. In a word, be has promoted the study of the scientific explanation theory with a fresh viewpoint.