长期接触贫铀对大鼠遗传毒性的初步研究

Toxic effects of depleted uranium on rat after long term exposure

目的研究贫铀植入/摄入3个月后对大鼠的毒性作用。方法观察大鼠精子畸形率,骨髓微核率的改变,睾丸的超微结构和病理形态学改变以及采用显性致死突变试验观察贫铀对大鼠的生殖毒性。结果植入/摄入贫铀后大鼠精子畸形率和微核率均有增加,睾丸超微结构均有不同程度的改变,而病理形态学观察则未见显著影响。植入组大鼠受孕率明显低于对照组。结论贫铀长时间暴露可对大鼠产生生殖毒性损害以及超微结构的损伤。

Objective To study the toxic effects of three-month exposure to depleted uranium （DU） on rats. Methods Forty weaned young Wistar rats （ male/female = l ： l ） were fed with water containing 50 μg/L DU and forage containing 70 μg/kg DU as intake group. Twenty adult male Wistar rats were implanted DU plate as implantation group. The control groups were established in correspondence to the two groups. The deformity rate of rat sperm, the micronuclear rate of marrow ceils, the ultrastructural changes of testis were observed by electron microscopy and microscopy 3 months after intaking or implanting DU. The dominant lethal mutation test was performed to observe the reproductive toxicity of DU in coupled rats of intake group and the female rats which mated with the male rats of implantation group. Results After DU exposure, the rate of rat sperm deformity and the micronucleus of marrow ceils in rats both increased in the rats of intake group and implantation group. The ultrastructures of the testis were impacted in different levels, while the pathological changes were not found. The pregnant rate of rats mating with male rats of implantation group reduced obviously as compared with the control group. Conclusion Long term exposure to DU might cause reproductive toxic effect and ultrastructural damage on rats.