经剑突结扎羊左冠状动脉致急性心肌梗死动物模型血流动力学的变化

Changes of hemodynamics during establishment of animal model of acute myocardial infarction induced by ligation of left coronary artery in goat

目的观察羊急性心肌梗死动物模型建立中血流动力学的变化。方法用剑突结扎法制备羊急性心肌梗死动物模型。观察心肌梗死前及梗死后即刻、30min、1h和2h心电图(ECG)ST段、平均动脉压(MAP)、中心静脉压(CVP)以及心率的变化。结果术前描记ECG均正常。心肌梗死后即刻有8只、30min有10只、2h有18只羊可见ST段抬高;2只羊术中死亡。术后4周18只羊ECG描记均可见胸导联有病理性Q波;MAP、CVP和心率变化较心肌梗死前差异均无显著性(P均>0.05);有6只羊出现频发室性期前收缩,均经静脉注射利多卡因后消除。结论羊小范围心肌梗死动物模型建立对循环功能影响轻微,形成梗死可靠,术后动物可长期存活,为临床冠心病的实验研究提供了一个有价值的动物模型。

Objective To study the changes in hemodynamics in experimental acute myocardial infarction induced by ligation of the left coronary artery in goat. Methods Animal model of acute myocardial infarction was reproduced in 20 goats by ligation of the left coronary artery through xyphoid process. ST segment of electrocardiogram （ECG）, mean artery blood pressure （MAP）, central venous pressure （CVP）, and heart rate （HR） were observed before, immediately, 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours after ligation of the left coronary artery. Results ECG of all goats was normal before operation. Immediately and 30 minutes after ligation, elevation of ST -segment was seen in 8 and 10 goats respectively, and in 18 goats elevation of ST -segment was observed 2 hours after ligation. Four weeks after the operation, pathological Q wave was shown in the chest leads of ECG in 18 goats. There was no significant difference in MAP, CVP and HR between before and after ligation. Frequent ventricular premature beats were found in 6 goats, but they were stopped after intravenous infusion of lidocaine. Conclusion Small area of experimental acute myocardial infarction in goats shows slight effect on hemodynamics, though the production of myocardial infarction is reliable, and the life of the goats could be maintained for a long time after the ligation of the left coronary artery. The experiment provides a valuable animal model for the study of coronary heart disease.