陕西泾阳县秦郑国渠首拦河坝工程遗址调查

Survey of the Dam Works Site at the Head of the Zhengguoqu Canal in the Qin State in Jingyang County,Shaanxi

郑国渠是我国古代著名的大型水利工程之一。为进一步加强对陕西省重要文物的保护管理，认识这处遗址的内涵，1985年，陕西省文物局组成调查组，对郑国渠及历代引泾渠首工程遗址进行了全面的调查。调查分为两个阶段：第一阶段自1985年底至1986年6月，调查初步确定了历代引泾工程渠首的范围和内涵，发现了郑国渠拦河坝和宋丰利渠水尺等遗迹；第二阶段自1987年初至1988年底，

The Zhengguoqu Canal was the large-scale irrigation works the Qin State built in the present-day Guanzhong area of Shaanxi in the third century BC. Through archaeological survey, the dam-site at its head has been discovered along with other remains of the whole system, such as the vestiges of water division outlets, spillways and water retreat channels. The remaining dam looks in section like a trapezoid and measures about 150 m in the width of the base. This is the earliest largest dam discovered so far in China. Its building represented an original architecture and reached a high scientific level, which is embodied in the location of the dam, the layout of water division works, the techniques of survey and construction and the knowledge of hydrogeology, as well as in the design of the overflow system and the selection of building materials. Its completion reflected the height of science and technology in pre-Qin China and the maturity of ancient Chinese hydraulic engineering techniques.