三峡水库围堰发电期调度模拟优化研究

Simulation and Optimization for the Operation of Three Gorges Reservoir

汛限水位是协调综合利用水库防洪和兴利矛盾的重要参数。三峡水库围堰发电期调度规则将汛期水库水位控制在134．9-135．4m运行,本文将汛期(6-9月)按旬划分为12个分期,建立模拟模型和动态规划模型;采用宜昌站120年实测日流量序列,通过所建模型计算,得到了优化的分期汛限水位方案。模型实现了模拟和优化的有机结合,将带机遇约束的多目标优化问题转化为确定性约束条件下的单目标优化问题,降低了复杂性。结果表明,模型在不增加防洪风险的前提下,发电效益增加了2．21％(2005 年)和2．32％(2006年)。

Flood limit water level （FLWL） plays a major role in the trade-off between flood control and hydropower production of the multi-objective reservoirs. According to the prescribed operation rules of 2003-2006, the water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR） will be limited within the range of 134.9 m to 135.4 m in flood seasons. In this paper, the flood season of each year is divided into 12 intervals, each of which has a length of 10 days. Then, two mathematical models, one for simulation and the other for optimization, have been proposed together to obtain the optimal scheme of FLWL for each 10-day interval. By converting the chance-constrained multi-objective optimization model into a deterministic constrained singleobjective one, the complexity of the problem has been greatly reduced and then an optimal scheme of FLWL for each 10-day interval can be obtained. The results show that the optimal scheme can increase the hydropower production by 2.08% （2005） and 2.24 % （2006） without increasing the flood control risk.