基于组件GIS的造林小班地形分析的研究——以造林小班坡向为例

Approach of terrain analysis of the compartment based on the component GIS

该文针对造林规划设计过程中需要用到的地形因子,基于组件式GIS二次开发的原理,运用ESRI公司的嵌入式组件开发工具MapObjects,讨论了规则数字网格高程模型与规则数字网点高程模型的建立过程,在此基础上对造林决策支持系统中立地类型划分、林种规划等所依赖的地形信息进行自动提取,并以小班坡向为例进行分析,提出了造林小班地形特征信息提取的最佳方法———基于统计分布理论的最大特征值法,从而有效地实现了地形信息的自动提取,为造林规划设计服务.

As an important approach of the terrain analysis in GIS, digital elevation model （DEM） is prime and unique. In order to analyze the terrain conditions of the subcompartment for planning and designing in afforestation scheme, the regular digital grid model and regular digital plot model about elevation were established from contour line. And based on it, terrain factors, needed for site condition in afforestation decision support system （ADSS）, were automatically calculated by computer. As an example, the calculational methods of slope aspect of subcompartment were presented in the developing environment of MapObjects. After analyzing results through such methods, the automatic account of terrain information based on statistical theory is best. It is also the best solution in terrain analysis of spatial decision support system （SDSS） based on COM GIS.