约束条件下森林资源可持续采伐的动态经济模型

Dynamic economic model of forest resource management under constraint conditions

该文探讨在保证为社会提供生态产品的前提下实现森林资源的可持续采伐问题,从生物资源最大持续利用原理出发,建立森林资源可持续采伐的动态经济模型,利用常微分方程、变分法、最大值原理等数学方法求解得到最优资源存量水平和最优采伐策略.探讨了森林资源可持续采伐的动态经济模型,并求得这一模型的最优资源存量水平、最优采伐策略和最佳投入劳动量.根据引入约束条件前后最优收获策略的差距,测算了由于为社会提供了生态产品而对森林资源经营者造成的直接经济损失.最后对影响建立实证模型的因素,如森林资源的分布、森林经营产品的价格和社会贴现率等进行了补充说明.

In this paper, in order to discuss the sustainable exploitation problem of forest resource on the premise of providing ecological production to the society, the dynamic economic model of sustainable exploitation of forest resource is built up on the basis of the maximal sustainable utilization principle for the exploitation and utilization of ordinary biology resources, and the optimal resource retainable yield and optimal exploitation strategy are calculated by the mathematical methods such as normal differential function, variational method, maximum principles and so on. Then, by introducing the concept of minimal forest resource retainable yield needed for providing ecological production, the dynamic economic model on this restriction condition is discussed, and the optimal resource retainable yield, the optimal exploitation strategy and the optimal devoted labor quantity of this model are solved. By comparing the difference of maximum harvest yield between the conditions of whether the restriction condition is introduced or not, the direct economic loss of the forest resource operators for the reason of providing ecology production to the society is calculated. At last, some impact factors on the build of this model are explained such as the distributing of forest resource, the price of forest products, social discount rate etc.