沙棘木蠹蛾潜在分布区预测与分析

Prediction and analysis of potential distribution of Holcocerus hippophaecolus in China

利用CLIMEX生态气候模型对沙棘木蠹蛾在中国的适生区进行了预测.结果显示,甘肃省的南部和中部、宁夏回族自治区南部、陕西省和山西省的北部、河北省北部、北京市北部、辽宁省西部和东部部分地区、内蒙古自治区的南部、四川省的西部部分地区、青海省的东部部分地区、新疆维吾尔自治区北部部分地区是该害虫的适生区,这一地区正是中国沙棘人工林分布面积比较大的区域.在综合分析沙棘灌丛林自然分布、沙棘人工林栽培状况、沙棘木蠹蛾危害状况以及生态气候指数EI的基础上,作者认为沙棘木蠹蛾是中国“三北”地区的本地害虫,沙棘木蠹蛾的种群爆发是本地害虫危害引入树种的典型例子.

Holcocerus hippophaecolus is the most serious boring pest of seabuckthorn plantations in recent years in China. The CLIMEX model was used to predict the potential distribution of this pest. The results show that the potential distribution of this pest covers the southern and central parts of Gansu Province, southern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, northern Shaanxi and Shanxi Province, northern Hebei Province, northern Beijing. As well, some aeras of northern and eastern Liaoning Province, southern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, some aeras of western Sichuan Provinces and some parts of eastern Qinghai Provinces and some parts of northern Xingjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region are affected. These areas have the largest distribution of seabuckthorn plantations in China. Based on the natural distribution and growth history of seabuckthorn with infested trees, as well as EI values from CLIMEX, we conclude that H. hippophaecolus is a native pest in ＂Tree North＂ China, and the outbreak of the pest population is a typical example that native pests introduced trees.