韩国提高妇女地位机制的建立与发展——兼论对中国提高妇女地位机制的启示

Development of National Mechanism on the Improvement of Women's Status in South Korea ——Implications for Strengthening the Counterpart National Mechanism in China

根据“联合国妇女十年”的要求,韩国于1983年建立了“韩国妇女发展机构,”附设在政府的健康和福利部之下。第四次世界妇女大会后,韩国顺应建立和加强提高妇女地位国家机制的国际潮流,建立和完善了韩国政府的性别平等部和性别政策国家机制,将社会性别关注纳入政府政策制定和执行的主流,并不断提高国家机制的权威性、执行力、影响力和效力,有效地推动了韩国的性别平等事业和社会的可持续发展。韩国提高妇女地位的机制和推行社会性别主流化的模式,1999年被联合国妇女发展基金(UNIFEM)遴选为执行《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》(CEDAW)最佳的7个方式之一。其经验和做法可为中国加强和完善提高妇女地位的国家机制提供参考。

In compliance to the demand of the UN Decade on Women, South Korean government established in 1983 the department for the development of Korean women under the ministry of health and welfare, After the 4th World Conference on Women, South Korean government followed up on the international trend in strengthening national mechanism for the improvement of women＇s status and elevated the national mechanism for gender equality and making gender aware policies. This elevation enables the mainstreaming of gender in the design and implementation of government policies and also increases the power, capacity, influence and efficiency of this national mechanism. It effectively advances gender equality and sustainable development in South Korea. The way that South Korea advanced its national mechanism and gender mainstreaming efforts was recognized in 1999 by the UN Development Fund for Women （UNIFEM） as one of the seven best practices in implementing the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women （CEDAW）. South Korean method and experience are useful reference for the strengthening and improvement of the national mechanism for advancing women＇s status in China.