健听人在不同本底噪声环境中的听阈值分析

Analysis on the hearing threshold value of normal hearing people under different background noises

目的计算健听人在不同本底噪声环境中的听阈值,通过与在标准测听环境中的结果相比较,确定非标准测听环境中听阈的修正值,探讨听力残疾抽样调查中最低环境本底噪声级的控制值。方法在不同的本底噪声环境中,采用纯音测试和声场测试的方法,对50人(100耳)分别进行测听。结果研究结果显示,在本底噪声分别为45dB(A)、50dB(A)、55dB(A)的测听环境中,健听者的纯音测试听阈值分别为15dBHL、20dBHL、25dBHL,与标准测听环境中的听阈差值分别为10dBHL、15dBHL、20dBHL;声场测试听阈值分别为25dBHL、30dBHL、35dBHL,与标准测听环境中的听阈差值分别为15dBHL、20dBHL、25dBHL;统计结果显示,不同本底噪声环境中,健听人的听阈值具有显著性差异。结论根据健听人在不同本底噪声环境中与在标准测听环境中的听阈差值,可以确定在非标准测听室及相应本底噪声环境中的听阈修正值,也可以确定听力残疾评定允许测听环境最高噪声级。

Objective To calculate the hearing threshold value of normal hearing people in different background noises. To explore the minimum background noises level in the sample survey of hearing disability, and to obtain the corrected value of hearing threshold in unstandardized background. Method 100 ears and 50 persons were tested by pure-tone audiometry or sound field audiometry. Results When the background noises levels were 45 dB （A）, 50 dB （A） and 55 dB （A）, the pure tone hearing threshold value of normal hearing people were 15 dB HL, 20 dB HL and 25 dB HL, the differences from value obtained in standard background were 10 dB HL,15 dB HL and 20 dB HL; the sound field hearing threshold value were 25 dB HL,30 dB HL and 35 dB HL, the differences from value obtained in standard background were 15 dB HL,20 dB HL and 25 dB HL; Normal hearing people＇s hearing threshold value under different background noises had significant difference. Conclusion According to the results shown above, the least background noises level in sample survey of hearing disability could be confirmed. And we could get the corrected value of hearing threshold in unstandardized background.