保护层卸压瓦斯抽采及涌出规律研究

Research on Extraction and Emission Laws of Gas for Pressure-Relief in Protecting Coal Seams

随着我国煤矿开采深度的增加,煤与瓦斯突出矿井和突出煤层的数量不断增加,利用保护层开采过程中的被保护层的卸压作用对卸压瓦斯进行强化抽采,使被保护层由高瓦斯突出危险煤层变为低瓦斯无突出危险煤层,从而实现煤与瓦斯资源的安全高效共采.系统介绍了基于分源原理的回采工作面瓦斯涌出预测方法,保护层开采及卸压瓦斯强化抽采技术的发展和工程应用.结合淮南潘一矿下保护层和谢一矿上保护层开采及卸压瓦斯强化抽采实例,将保护层工作面瓦斯涌出量预测结果与保护层工作面瓦斯涌出量实测结果进行了对比分析.研究结果表明,由于保护层开采的卸压作用,使被保护层卸压瓦斯抽采率远大于被保护层卸压瓦斯的自然排放率,导致保护层工作面瓦斯涌出量预测结果小于实际瓦斯涌出量.

With the increase of exploiting depth of coal mines in China, the number of coal mines and coal seams with outburst hazard keeps increasing. Using pressure relief effects of the protected seams to extract forcibly pressure-relief gas, coal seams with high methane and outburst hazard can be safely changed to the ones with low methane and no outburst hazard. As a result, the safe and high efficient exploitation of gas and coal can be realized. The systemic predicting method of methane emission in working face is introduced based on the principle of telling apart it＇s sources. The development and engineering application of the technology for exploiting the protecting seams and the technology for forcibly extracting the pressure-relief gas are also introduced. According to the practical data in Panji No. 1 mine and Xieji No. 1 mine of Huainan city, the comparison of the predicting results of gas emission with the practical ones in protecting working faces indicate the extracting rate of pressure-relief methane is much greater than the natural emission rate in protected coal protecting seams. This leads to that the predicted practical one in protected seams. seams because of the pressure-relief effect of amount of methane emission is less than the practical one in protected seams.