氧化物活性焊剂对低碳钢聚焦光束焊接熔深的影响

INFLUENCE OF OXIDE ACTIVATING FLUXES ON PENETRATION OF MILD STEEL LIGHT BEAM WELDING

研究了SiO2,TiO2,Cr2O3,Cu2O,Fe3O4和ZnO等氧化物焊剂对于低碳钢聚焦光束焊接熔深和深宽比的影响规律。试验结果表明,氧化物活性焊剂在适当的涂敷量下均可以使光束焊接熔深和深宽比增加,熔深和深宽比增加幅度较大的是TiO2粉末和SiO2粉末,其次为Fe3O4,Cr2O3,ZnO和Cu2O粉末;每种活性焊剂对应着能够使熔深和深宽比增加效果最明显的涂敷量最大值,涂敷量一旦超过这一最大值,不仅使熔深增加的效果变差,而且还可能导致熔深减小;采用高温下相对不易分解的氧化物作为活性焊剂,更有利于提高焊缝熔深和深宽比增加的效果;氧化物活性焊剂增加聚焦光束焊接熔深和深宽比的机理可能与焊剂液膜促进了光束的吸收效率,以及改变了熔池金属的流动方式均有关。

The influence of oxide fluxes （ SiO2, TiO2 , Cr2O3 , Cu2O, Fe304 and ZnO） on the penetration and the depth-to-width ratio of light beam welding mild steel were studied. The results showed that the penetration and depth-towidth ratio increased when using certain quantity of oxide activating fluxes. Larger increments were obtained with SiO2 and TiO2 , while smaller increments were obtained when using Fe304 , Cr2O3 , ZnO and Cu2O as activate fluxes. Every activating flux had the optimal quantity with which the largest increment of the penetration and depth-to-width ratio could be obtained, and the excessive quantity led to the small increment or even the decreasing of the penetration. When the flux was relatively stable at high temperature, the large penetration and depth-to-width ratio could be obtained. The increasing of the absorption efficiency of light beam and the changing of the fluid flow pattern of the molten pool may account for the influence of oxide activate fluxes on the penetration and depth-to-width ratio of the light beam welding.