聚合物材料脆韧转变判据及影响因素分析

Criterion and Affecting Factors for Brittle-Ductile Transition of Polymer Blends

综述了聚合物共混增韧机理包括弹性体增韧、刚性粒子增韧、弹性体与刚性粒子协同增韧等研究进展;着重介绍了临界基体层厚度、损伤竞争准数、分子链参数、临界界面黏结条件、临界特征长度等几种源于单一粒子填充的脆韧转变判据,并分析其在复合粒子填充改性聚合物中的适用性。此外,还结合增韧机理和脆韧转变判据讨论了基体性能、分散相状态及相间界面黏结强度等因素对复合体系韧性的影响,提出寻找合适的复合分散相、适当调整复合粒子的结构比例、改善相间界面黏结以及设计最佳断裂路径仍将是今后努力的方向。

Various toughening mechanisms in polymer blends are reviewed, including elastomer particle, rigid particles, and mixed particle toughening. Criterions for brittle-ductile transition for single particle systems, such as critical matrix thickness, damage competition group criterion, molecule chain parameter, and critical characteristic ligament and their applicability in mixed particle systems are discussed. Additionally, the effect of matrix properties, the morphology of the dispersed phase, and the interface adhesion strength between phases on the toughness of the blends are analyzed. Choosing the proper particle pair, improving the interface adhesion, and controlling the optimal rupture path are proposed as the future trend of polymer toughening.