大学生睡眠质量与睡眠卫生意识现状

The Actuality of Sleep Quality and Sleep Hygiene Awareness Among College Students

以中文版的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,PSQI)和自编的睡眠卫生意识问卷为工具,考察了重庆市878名大学生的睡眠质量和睡眠卫生意识现状。结果表明:大学生PSQI的总平均值为5.30,标准差为2.63;大学生周末/工作日的睡眠质量差异显著,周末显著高于工作日;总体睡眠质量性别差异不显著,但在分量表上差异显著,女生的睡眠效率高于男生,睡眠时间却短于男生;睡眠质量的年级差异因性别不同而不同,男生的PSOI总分随年级的增加而表现出不断增加的趋势,而女生随年级的变化不大。调查结果还发现,大学生普遍对自己睡眠质量的评估过于乐观;面对睡眠困难约有63%的大学生表示不愿意求助他人,约有40%的被试从未为此做出任何努力;男生对睡眠卫生的意识普遍差于女生。

The Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSOI） and the Inventory of Sleep Hygiene Awareness developed by the research group were administered to 878 college students in Chongqing to assess their actual sleep quality and sleep hygiene awareness. The final data show that the average score of PSOI is 5.30 and the standard deviation 2.63. The weekends/weekdays difference is significant. The sleep quality on weekends is significantly higher than that on weekdays. The gender difference of the whole PSOI scores is not significant, but female students have a higher Sleep Efficiency and a shorter Sleep Time than male students. The grade difference was dependent on different genders. For male students, the PSOI score shows a tendency to increase with the rise in grade, but this trend is not found in female students. It is also found in the survey that college students universally over-evaluate their sleep quality. About 63% subjects expressed their unwillingness to seek help over the sleep difficulty and about 40% subjects have never made any ef forts to improve their sleepquality. The sleep hygiene awareness among male students is lower than that among female students.