战时上海的百货公司与商业文化

The Department Stores of Shanghai during the Anti-Japanese War and Commercial Culture

日中战争前,上海五大百货公司的销售额占上海商品零售总额的约56％,具有绝对优势。以富裕阶层及有丰厚积蓄的新兴中产阶层为主要目标,百货公司的业务从销售商品发展至商业文化。孤岛时期,大量难民及资金流入,工商业得到了进一步的发展,百货公司迎来了黄金时代。亚洲太平洋战争爆发后,虽然有日本“军管”、外国商品的进口减少等负面现象存在,但另一方面,百货公司的新建和扩建,附属事业的繁荣景象也不断呈现,战争期间的经营因此得以维持。

Before the Anti-Japanese War, the sale of five major department stores accounted for 56% of all the retail sales in Shanghai. They aimed at the rich people and the new middle class that had plenty of savings, therefore the operation developed from goods distribution to commercial culture. Later when the Pacific War broke out, despite of the negative aspects such as the Japanese military control, decrease of foreign goods and accelerated inflation, there were still newly built or expanded department stores with their pertaining enterprises becoming prosperous, the operation of department stores was then maintained.