药物依赖者冲动性的行为经济学研究

On the Impulsivity of Drug Addicts from the Perspective of Behavioral Economics

药物依赖研究的焦点问题,是探讨诱发冲动性的药物滥用及导致戒除后的复吸行为的核心因素及其机制,现已形成多种理论模型。冲动性行为是不同类型药物依赖者的共同特征。近年来,研究者基于行为经济学的延迟折扣原理,试图通过对药物依赖者对待未来强化物价值的选择偏向的定量分析,探讨药物依赖者冲动性行为特征,并在酒精依赖、尼古丁依赖及海洛因依赖研究领域取得相当多的成果。未来的研究有必要深入探讨药物依赖者高折扣倾向的潜在认知加工机制,及其对临床诊断和治疗的有效性。

Researchers studying drug addiction have focused on the key factors and mechanism of in duced impulsive drug abuse and relapse, and several models have been established. The impulsive behavior is a common feature of different drug addicts. Recently, based on the principle of delay discounting in behavioral economics, researchers have explored the characteristics of impulsivity of drug addicts through quantitatively analyzing addicts＇ select preference for values of future reinforcer, and great progress has been achieved in the area of alcohol, nicotine, and heroin dependence. The essay suggests that future research probe into the potential cognitive processing mechanism of high discounting tendency among drug addicts and its validity for clinical application.