胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子在神经元发育中的生物学功能

Biological function of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in neuronal development

目的:考察胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子及其信号传导通路在神经元发育过程中的生物学功能,以及其中的分子机制。资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline1993-01/2005-10期间与胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子及其信号通路在神经元发育中的功能有关的文章,检索词“gliacellline-derivedneurotrophicfactor(GDNF)”分别和“neuralsurvival,neuraldifferentiation,neuralmigration,cellprogrammeddeath(apoptosis),RET,NCAM,mechanism”组合检索,并限定文章语言种类为English。资料选择:就检索到的700余篇文献进行筛选,以胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子及其信号通路在神经元发育中的生物学功能为主要内容的文献350多篇。其中研究内容与神经元存活,分化,迁移密切相关,以近5年且发表在较权威杂志者优先。资料提炼:最终选定105篇相关的文献,其中72篇检索到全文,而将其中观点相似的进行比较,以19篇近期发表的,叙述详尽的入选以进行综述。资料综合:胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子受体有GFRα和RET两类亚基,通过胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子/GFRα1信号传导通路能够促进神经元的存活、分化及正确迁移,除RET外神经系统内还存在新型的跨膜受体及复杂的胞内信号转导通路。结论:胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子对各种原因造成损伤后的神经细胞有保护和修复作用,在正常的神经元发育过程中也起到重要的作用。在神经系统发育中胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子存在多种相互关联的信号传导通路,能够促进发育中神经元的存活、分化及正确迁移。

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the biological function of the glial cell linederived neurotrophic factor （GDNF） and GDNF signaling pathway in neural development, including neuronal survival, differentiation and migration and the molecular mechanisms. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of Medline database was undertaken to identify articles about the functions of GDNF and its signaling .pathway in the development of neurons published from Januar 1993 to October 2005 in English by using the keywords of ＂glial cell linederived neurotrophic factor （GDNF）, neural survival, neural differentiation, neural migration, cell programmed death （apoptosis）, RET, neural cell adhesion molecule （NCAM）, mechanism＂. STUDY SELECTION： More than 700 articles were collected, and about 350 articles related to the researches about the biological functions ot GDNF and the GDNF signaling pathway in the development of the central and peripheral nervous systems and those published in authoritative magazines in the recent 5 years and those were relevant to the role of GDNF and its signaling pathway to the neuronal survival, neural differentiation, neural migration were in superiority. DATA EXTRACTION： A total of 105 articles according to the abow requirements were collected, and the full-texts of 72 of them were found, 19 published and reasoned articles were collected. DATA SYNTHESIS： GDNF receptor has two kinds of subunits of GFRo and RET. In sum, GDNF can promote the neural survival, differentiatior and migration correctly by the GDNF/GFRα1 signaling pathway, however. according to RET, there are also other new transmembrane receptor ant complicated intracellular signaling pathway. CONCLUSION： In additional to the function to promote the survival ant repair of several neuronal populations of impaired nervous system, GDN~ also plays an important role in the normal neural development, ant combinations of several signaling pathway were found in the developmen to nervous system, which indicating us the mechanisms of GDNF in the differentiation and migration.