返乡农民工生活满意感状况分析(英文)

Analysis on satisfaction with life of home-going peasant-workers

背景:农民工作为中国社会典型的弱势群体,其社会处境已引起普遍关注,因此,深入了解农民工的生活满意感状况,提高他们的生活质量,对创建和谐社会来说具有重大的现实意义。目的:了解返乡农民工的生活满意感状况,为提高农民工的生活质量提供可靠的依据。设计:简单随机抽样调查。单位:衡阳师范学院教育科学系。对象:调查于2005-02在中国15个省完成。随机抽取300名春节期间返乡的农民工为调查对象。方法:运用生活满意感量表进行个别测试。该量表由生活接近理想、生活条件好、生活满意、得到重要东西、肯定人生道路等五个条目组成。量表用1分到7分依次代表七个等级进行评定:非常不同意、不同意、有点不同意、既不同意也不反对、有点同意、同意、非常同意。该量表再测信度大于0.80,内容效度0.60,效标效度大于0.50。做答前给予指导语,农民工根据最近1周内的自我感觉答题,独立完成,当场收卷。结果数据输入计算机进行统计分析。如有4题以上选择“既不同意也不反对”的问卷视为无效而不进行分析。所有有效数据输入计算机后运用SPSS11.0软件包进行统计分析;群体差异比较用t检验和方差分析。主要观察指标:所有受试对象生活满意感量表得分。结果:发放问卷300份,回收问卷275份,其中合格问卷为245份,占91.67%。245名调查对象均进入结果分析,其中,男性118名,女性127名,年龄16～52岁,平均年龄26.09岁,涉及16种行业,月收入200元～8000元。生活满意感量表调查结果显示:①245名返乡农民工的生活满意感倾向于满意的占29.8%,倾向于不满意的占41.6%。②返乡农民工在生活满意度上存在显著的性别差异,男性明显优于女性(P<0.001)[(4.50±1.70,3.95±1.53)(t=2.65,P<0.001)]。③经济收入显著影响返乡农民工对生活条件好和得到重要东西项目的体验[(3.79±1.85,3.98±1.64,4.07±1.44,4.84±1.14)(F=3.068,P<0.05);(4.64±2.03,3.72±1.68,4.07±1.67,4.19±1.28)(F=2.813,P<0.05)]。④返乡农民工的生活满意感在文化程度、打工时间上差异不显著。结论:返乡农民工的生活满意感多数较低,性别和经济收入是影响他们生活满意感的重要因素,文化程度、打工时间对他们的生活满意感没有影响。

BACKGROUND： As a typical small cluster of social vulnerable groups in China, peasant-workers have aroused extensive attention because of their social situation. Therefore, it has important praxis significance for establishing harmonious society to penetrate into the status of their satisfaction with life and improve their quality of life. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the status of satisfaction with life of homegoing peasant-workers so as to provide a sound basis for improving their quality of life. DESIGN： A simple random sampling survey. SETTING：Department of Educational Science of Hengyang Normal University. PARTICIPANTS： This investigation was conducted in 15 provinces of China in February 2005, Totally 300 home-going peasant-workers were surveyed during the Spring Festival. METHODS： The peasant-workers were tested individually with the Satisfaction with Life Scale （SWLS）. It was made up of 5 items：The first item was ＂In most ways my life is close to my ideal ＂, the second was ＂The conditions of my life are excellent＂, the third was ＂I am satisfied with my life＂, the fourth was ＂So far I have gotten the important things I want in life＂, the fifth was ＂If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing＂. Using the 1-7 scale below： 1-Strongly disagree, 2- Disagree, 3-Slightly disagree, 4-Neither agree nor disagree, 5-Slightly agree, 6-Agree, 7-Strongly agree.The test-retest reliability of this scale was higher than 0.80, the content-related validity was 0.60, and the crieterionrelated validity was higher than 0.50. They were given uniform directions and answered each question individually according to their own conditions in the latest week. All the answer papers were handed in on the spot. The data of SWLS were input into the computer for statistical analysis. The questionnaire in which more than 4 items were selected the answer of ＂neither agree nor disagree＂ were considered to be invalid and therefore rejected for analysis. All the valid data were input into the computer and statistically analysed with SPSS 11.0 software; differences among groups were compared with t test or analysis of variance. MAIN OUTCOME MESURES： The scores of SWLS answered by the peasant-workers. RESULTS： Totally 300 questionnaires were distributed and 275 of them were collected, with a recovery rate of 91.67%, of which 245 were valid for result analysis, including 118 males and 127 females aged from 16 to 52 years old with the mean age of 26.09 years. They came from 15 provinces of China and from 16 kinds of vocation. Their monthly-earning was from 200 yuan to 8 000 yuan. The investigated results of SWLS showed that： ①29.8% of the tested home-going peasant-workers were inclined to be satisfied with their life, and 41.6% of them were inclined to be unsatisfied. ②There was obviously sexual difference in the item of ＂I am satisfied with my life＂among the tested honregoing peasant-workerg[（4.50±1.70,3.95±1.53） （t=2.65,P 〈 0.001 ）]. ③Earning markedly affected their feeling of ＂The conditions of my life are excellent＂ and ＂So far I have gotten the important things 1 want in life＂ [（3.79±1.85, 3.98± 1.64,4.07±1.44,4.84±1.14） （F=3.068 ,P 〈 0.05） ; （4.64.±2.03,3.72 ± 1.68, 4.07±1.67,4.19±1.28）（F=2.813,P 〈 0.05）]. ④there was no significant difference of satisfaction with life of the tested home-going peasant-workers in educational level and term on duty. CONCLUSION： Majority of the home-going peasant-workers were unsatisfied with their living. Sex and earning were the important factors that affected their satisfaction with life, educational level and term on duty had weakly correlated with it.