麝香保心丸和辛伐他汀对兔股动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性的影响

Effects of She Xiang Bao Xin Pill and simvastatin on stability of atherosclerotic plaque in rabbit femoral artery

目的研究中成药麝香保心丸以及辛伐他汀的调脂治疗对于兔股动脉粥样硬化模型斑块的影响,并对其机制进行初步探讨。方法30只新西兰兔以高脂饮食和股动脉球囊扩张建立动脉粥样硬化模型,分为对照组(10只)、辛伐他汀组(10只)和麝香保心丸组(10只)。测定药物干预前后血脂、血清基质金属蛋白酶3(MMP3)水平,通过免疫组织化学对斑块内血管内皮细胞抗体CD34、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、MMP3、胶原和α平滑肌肌动蛋白抗体染色阳性区域进行定量。结果麝香保心丸和辛伐他汀可以显著降低血清低密度脂蛋白(P<0.05,P<0.01),前者对血清MMP3水平无明显作用。麝香保心丸和辛伐他汀类似,能降低斑块内CD34(P<0.01)、VEGF(P<0.01)和MMP3(P<0.01)的阳性面积,并抑制斑块内胶原增生(P<0.01),而对α平滑肌肌动蛋白抗体阳性面积的影响不大。结论麝香保心丸与辛伐他汀的治疗,可以抑制斑块内新生血管生长,减少斑块内胞外基质的降解,因此可能具有稳定粥样硬化斑块作用。上述作用主要可能通过降低血清LDL来实现。

Objective To investigate the effects of She Xiang Bao Xin Pill（SXBXP） and simvastatin on the atherosclerotic plaque in rabbit femoral artery. Methods Atherosclerotic model was established with high-fat diet and angioplasty in 30 New Zealand rabbits, which were divided into control group, SXBXP group and simvastatin group. The biochemical indexes and histopathological changes were observed. Results Both SXBXP and simvastatin could decrease LDL（SXBXP, P 〈 0. 05; simvastatin, P 〈 0. 01）, but the former could not decrease serum total cholesterol and triglyceride significantly. Simvastatin could decrease serum matrix metalloproteinase 3（MMP3, P 〈 0.01）, but SXBXP could not. Both medicines could decrease CD34（ P 〈 0.01）, vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF, P 〈 0.01）, MMP3（ P 〈 0.01）and collagen（ P 〈 0.01）positive area in the atherosclerotic plaque detected by means of immunohistochemical techniques. Theα-SMA-positive area was little affected by the medicines. Conclusion The lipid-lowering therapy with SXBXP and simvastatin could inhibit angiogenesis and degradation of extracellular matrix in the atherosclerotic plaque in the rabbit model. This process might be realized partially by LDL reduction.